The impact of social determinants of health factors on tuberculosis prevalence in Timor-Leste
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Abstract
Tuberculosis remained a major cause of illness and death in Timor-Leste. This study aimed to examine the impact of social determinants of health on tuberculosis prevalence. A systematic review of available studies showed that poor housing conditions and an unhealthy living environment increased the risk of disease transmission. Limited access to high-quality health services affected the control of transmission and hindered equitable distribution of care. Efforts to address social determinants of health, expand universal healthcare coverage and primary healthcare services, improve infrastructure, strengthen regulations, enhance public health education, and ensure adequate healthcare system planning and funding were essential. Collaboration between government, healthcare providers, and communities played a crucial role in improving service accessibility. The high prevalence of tuberculosis was also influenced by limited human resources, low public awareness, inadequate supporting facilities, and social stigma. Strengthening health education for vulnerable groups was particularly important.
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